按胎次对淘汰原因进行分析,结果显示年轻母猪淘汰的原因主要是繁殖障碍和瘸腿,二者在第一胎淘汰母猪中占的比例分别为42%和17%,在第二胎中为35%和16%(Dagorn and Aumaitre, 1979;D'Allaire等人,1987;Dijkhuizen等人,1989;Stein等人,1990;Lucia等人,2000)。由于商业性种猪场里年轻母猪的比例大,容易出现繁殖障碍、拉长非生产天数,因此要想提高母猪的生命期生产性能,就只能从降低后备母猪、头胎母猪和二胎母猪淘汰率着手。
总的来说,这种通过控制饲喂方案来研究脂肪沉积率对生命期繁殖性能的影响的方法都没能得出明确的结果(Simmins等人,1992;Sorensen等人,1993;Rozeboom等人,1996)。在控制饲喂的情况下,如果后备母猪出现极端的体况,就可能会因腿部和繁殖障碍而淘汰,从而缩短生产寿命(Danielsen等人,1993)。而这种情况与饲养环境又存在相互作用,如果环境的物理条件和温度条件很好,就能够降低极端体况造成的过早淘汰(Simmins等人,1993;Dourmad et al., 1994)。
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